South African President Cyril Ramaphosa announced his new government on Sunday with the former opposition parties receiving 12 out of 32 portfolios after the ruling ANC lost its outright parliamentary majority.
The African National Congress (ANC), which has governed the country since the advent of democracy in 1994, retained 20 out of 32 cabinet positions. These included crucial ministries such as foreign affairs, finance, defence, justice, and police.
A statement from the party welcomed the president’s announcement as “an important step forward, and a testament to the resilience of our democracy”.
The largest coalition partner, the Democratic Alliance (DA), secured six portfolios including home affairs, environment, and public works. DA leader John Steenhuisen, 48, was appointed Minister of Agriculture.
A statement from the party hailed a “new era in South Africa’s democratic journey” where they would have “zero tolerance for corruption”.
The Zulu nationalist Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), anti-immigration party Patriotic Alliance, right-wing Afrikaans party Freedom-Front Plus, and other smaller parties collectively received six cabinet positions.
These included responsibilities for land reform, correctional services, sports, tourism, and public service.
– ‘Unprecedented’ –
“The establishment of the Government of National Unity in its current form is unprecedented in the history of our democracy,” said 71-year-old Ramaphosa, speaking from Pretoria in a televised speech.
He was re-elected for a second full term last week, to lead what his humbled ANC calls a government of national unity (GNU), having lost its outright majority in the May 29 general election.
“The incoming government will prioritize rapid, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth and the creation of a more just society by tackling poverty, inequality, and unemployment,” he said.
He had to “ensure all the parties are able to participate meaningfully in the national executive as well as various parliamentary positions,” he added.
The only other time South Africa has opted for a national unity government was at the end of apartheid. That was when Nelson Mandela and FW de Klerk, the former leader of the government, oversaw the transition to democracy as executive deputy presidents.
The ANC’s decline came against a backdrop of high violent crime rates, a lackluster economy, and a crippling energy crisis.
– Tough negotiations –
Ramaphosa’s highly anticipated announcement came after weeks of tough negotiations between the ANC and the DA, which won 87 parliamentary seats (22 percent of the popular vote) to the ANC’s 159 (40 percent).
The formation of the new government was criticized by leftist parties, including the uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) party, a new grouping formed a few months ahead of the poll by the country’s former president Jacob Zuma, 82.
The MK party unexpectedly won more than 14 percent of votes nationwide in the poll and may now become the country’s official opposition after refusing to join the ANC’s broad coalition.
Together with the leftist firebrand party the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), it rejected the ANC’s broad coalition with the DA as a “white-led unholy alliance.”
The ANC had previously accused the DA of making “outrageous demands” for key cabinet positions, as seen in leaked documents following weeks of closed-doors negotiations.
The EFF said in a Sunday statement that the announcement had confirmed “our longstanding view” that the GNU was “nothing but a smokescreen for the ANC to secure a predetermined grand coalition with the racist DA.”
It also criticized the impact of the “increased and bloated” cabinet on taxpayers’ money.
Ramaphosa has called for the opening of the new parliament on July 18 to address MPs and outline guidelines for how his new coalition government, involving 11 parties, will function.
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